Ford Model T

The Ford Model T car was designed by Childe Harold Wills and two Hungarian immigrants, Joseph A. Galamb[10] and Eugene Farkas.[11] Henry Love, C. J. Smith, Gus Degner and Peter E. Martin were also part of the team.[12] While production of the Model T began in the autumn of 1908,[13] model years range from 1909 to 1927.

1908_Ford_Model_T

The Model T had a 177-cubic-inch (2.9 L) front mounted inline four-cylinder one block engine  producing 20 hp (15 kW) for a top speed of 40–45 mph (64–72 km/h). The Model T four-cylinder sidevalve engine was first in the world with a detachable head, making service like valve jobs easier. According to Ford Motor Company, the Model T had fuel economy on the order of 13–21 mpg-US (16–25 mpg-imp; 18–11 L/100 km).[14] The engine was capable of running on petrol, kerosene, or ethanol,[15][16] although the decreasing cost of petrol and the later introduction of Prohibition made ethanol an impractical fuel.

1910Ford-T

1925 Model ford T

"First Marcus car" runs on gasoline 1879

  Siegfried Samuel Marcus (Malchin, Mecklenburg, Germany September 18, 1831 – July 1, 1898 in Vienna) was a German (but most of his time living in Austria) inventor and automobile pioneer.

  About 1870 he put an internal combustion engine on a simple handcart. This appliance was designed for liquid combustibles and made him the first man propelling a vehicle by means of gasoline. Today, this car is well known as “The first Marcus Car”.

  In 1883 a patent for a low voltage ignition of the magneto type was given to Marcus in Germany. This design was used for all further engines and, of course, the famous “Second Marcus Car” of 1888/89. It was this ignition in conjunction with the “rotating brush carburettor” that made the “Second Car”'s design very innovative.

  In 1887, Marcus started a co-operation with the Moravian (eastern half of today's Czech Republic) Company Märky, Bromovsky & Schulz. They offered two stroke and – after the fall of the Otto-Patent in 1886 – four stroke engines of the Marcus type.

In 1888/89 Märky, Bromovsky & Schulz built the “Second Marcus Car” which can still be admired in Vienna's Technical Museum. This car made Marcus well known all over the world.

  Marcus was the holder of 131 patents in 16 countries. He never applied for a patent for the motorcar and, of course, he never held one. In addition, he never claimed having invented the motorcar. Nevertheless, he was the first man who used gasoline for propelling a vehicle in the simple handcart of 1870 (First Marcus Car). But it is not sure if the famous Second Marcus Car ever ran before 1890.



 About gasoline engine
  A petrol engine (known as a gasoline engine in North America) is an internal combustion engine with spark-ignition, designed to run on petrol (gasoline) and similar volatile fuels.

  It differs from a diesel engine in the method of mixing the fuel and air, and in using spark plugs to initiate the combustion process. In a diesel engine, only air is compressed (and therefore heated), and the fuel is injected into the then very hot air at the end of the compression stroke, and self-ignites. In a petrol engine, the fuel and air are usually pre-mixed before compression (although some modern petrol engines now use cylinder-direct petrol injection).

  The pre-mixing was formerly done in a carburetor, but now (except in the smallest engines) it is done by electronically controlled fuel injection. Petrol engines run at higher speeds than diesels, partially due to their lighter pistons, con rods and crankshaft (as a result of lower compression ratios) and due to petrol burning faster than diesel. However the lower compression ratios of a petrol engine give a lower efficiency than a diesel engine

Benz Patent-Motorwagen

Karl Benz invented Benz motorwagon in 1886. It is a vehicle designed to be propelled by a motor. He developed

a successful gasoline powered two stroke piston engine in 1873. After this he started developing a motorized vehicle.

  The Benz motorwagon was three wheeled automobile with a rear mounted engine. It was constructed of steel tubing with wood work panels, the steel spoked wheels and solid rubber tires. Steering was by way of toothed rack that pivoted the unsprung front wheel. Full;;y elliptic springs were used at the back along with a live axle and chine drive on both sides. A simple belt system used as a single speed transmission, varying torque between an open disc and drive disc.

  It is 954cc single cylinder four stroke engine, 2/3 hp(0.5KW), 250rpm. It weighs 100kg. Although its open crankcase and drip oiling system would be alien to a modern mechanic, its use of a pushrod-operated poppet valve for exhaust would be quite familiar. A large horizontal flywheel stabilized the single-cylinder engine's power output. An evaporative carburettor was controlled by a sleeve valve to regulate power and engine speed. The first model of the Motorwagen had not been built with a carburetor, rather a basin of fuel soaked fibers that supplied fuel to the cylinder by evaporation.